A moonquake is the moon equivalent of an earthquake. They tend to be less strong than earthquakes, but last longer. Apollo astronauts placed seismometers on the Moon between 1969 and 1972, which sent information about the quakes back to Earth. Moonquakes show that the Moon is still geologically active. Other types of quakes include Marsquakes,…
Water and oil do not mix. They are said to be immiscible. This is because water is a polar molecule – its structure means that is has a positive charge one end and a negative charge the other end. Water molecules stick together because the positive end of one water molecule is attracted to the…
If you’ve ever made an erupting volcano model you most likely used the baking soda and vinegar reaction to make it erupt. Baking soda and vinegar react to neutralise each other ( vinegar is an acid and baking soda an alkali ) releasing carbon dioxide, which is the bubbles of gas you see. If you…
What is an emulsion? Two or more liquids that don’t mix create an emulsion when one is added to the other. The properties of the new liquid are different to either of the liquids alone. Emulsions are a special type of colloid. Liquids that don’t mix together are called immiscible liquids. Examples of Immiscible Liquids…
Your skin is a barrier from harmful things in the environment. When skin becomes damaged blood quickly clots ( thanks to platelets in the blood ) around the damaged area to form a dry crust, called a scab. This protects your body from any nasties which could take advantage of the new opening in your…
Respiration is a chemical reaction that is fundamental to all living things. It happens in every cell of every plant and animal. Respiration is the reaction between glucose (from food) and oxygen in the air you breathe. It produces carbon dioxide and water (waste products) and ENERGY! Energy is needed for movement, growth and repair…
The Maillard reaction ( often called the browning reaction ) is what’s responsible for the browning and aroma of foods as they cook. In very simple terms it is a reaction between amino acids ( building blocks of proteins ) and simple sugars ( reducing sugars ). It’s the Maillard reaction that causes cakes to…
Weight and Mass can be very confusing and people often use them interchangeably without really thinking about which is correct, but very simply: Mass is a measure of how much matter an object is made up of. Mass remains constant. The mass of an object on the moon ( or anywhere in the universe )…
If a planet is too close to its sun, it’s too hot for life as we know it, too far away and everything is frozen, but around each star there’s a Goldilocks Zone where there is the potential for water on a planet’s surface. As we know water is essential for life. Is Earth a…
Our Moon is the largest moon in the Solar System relative to its parent planet. It’s thought to have been created about 4.5 billion years ago when an object a similar size to Mars called Theia crashed into Earth. The impact melted part of the Earth’s rocky mantle, which together with debris from Theia was…
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