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Home » Key Stage 2 Science » Super Simple Surface Tension

Super Simple Surface Tension

Modified: Sep 19, 2023 · Published: Aug 7, 2013 by Emma Vanstone · This post may contain affiliate links · 3 Comments

Do you remember our lolly stick races? They are a great way to explore surface tension, but this activity demonstrating surface tension with toothpicks is even easier!

The toothpicks start off in a triangle shape and then fly apart when a little washing-up liquid is added.

toothpicks floating on a bowl of water, washing up liquid and pond skaters on water
Surface tension with toothpicks activity

Surface tension activity with toothpicks

You’ll need

  • Cocktail sticks or toothpicks
  • A clean bowl
  • Washing up liquid /dish soap
  • A large bowl

Instructions

  • Fill the bowl with water and let it settle for a few minutes.
  • Carefully place the cocktail sticks on the top. Try and get them to form a triangle.
3 cocktail sticks lying on a bowl of water in a triangle shape
toothpicks in a triangle ready for a surface tension activity
  • Add a drop of washing-up liquid, and watch what happens.
cocktail sticks moving apart on a bowl of water in a surface tension activity

Why does it work? Surface tension explained!

This activity is a very simple demonstration of surface tension. When you have a container full of water, the water molecules below the surface are pulled together equally in all directions, but those on top are pulled together more tightly, as they don’t have water molecules above them. This draws them together to form a kind of ‘skin’ that we call surface tension.  When the washing-up liquid is added, it disrupts the arrangement of the water molecules, decreasing the surface tension inside the triangle of toothpicks.

Water molecules move from areas of low surface tension to high surface tension, and so the sticks move.

Don’t worry if that explanation seems too much for your child. I don’t always explain the full scientific principles to my children, but watching and taking part in activities like these really does encourage children to start to question why things happen, and the concepts will start to make more sense to them as time goes on.

More surface tension experiments

Try racing lolly sticks across a bath or large container of water.

Raising Lifelong Learners has a great activity for making a paperclip float using surface tension.

Watch food colouring shoot across a tray of milk.

If you enjoyed this investigation, why not try one of my other easy science experiments!

toothpicks on the surface of water for a surface tension experiment.

Last Updated on September 19, 2023 by Emma Vanstone

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Safety Notice

Science Sparks ( Wild Sparks Enterprises Ltd ) are not liable for the actions of activity of any person who uses the information in this resource or in any of the suggested further resources. Science Sparks assume no liability with regard to injuries or damage to property that may occur as a result of using the information and carrying out the practical activities contained in this resource or in any of the suggested further resources.

These activities are designed to be carried out by children working with a parent, guardian or other appropriate adult. The adult involved is fully responsible for ensuring that the activities are carried out safely.

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