Gravity and Air Resistance

When you drop something it falls to the ground. This is because it is pulled by the gravity of the Earth. You’ll notice that some things drop faster than others, this is because of air resistance. Try dropping a piece of paper and a lego brick. Which drops the fastest?

We are going to try dropping an egg on its own, dropping an egg attached to a parachute and an egg in a basket under a balloon.

Parachute

What you need

• Bin bag

• 4 pieces of string

• sellotape

• 3 eggs ( we boiled ours )

Instructions

• Lay a bin bag out flat and cut out a big square.

• Make a hole in each corner, thread a piece of string though it and tie a knot.

• Tie all 4 pieces of string together and sellotape the egg to the bottom

Balloon and basket

What you need

• Cardboard made into a basket shape

• Balloon blown up

• 4 pieces of String

Instructions

• Sellotape some string to your balloon

• and attach the basket.

• Place the egg in the basket

Drop an egg on its own, the egg in the basket and the egg in the parachute from a balcony or upstairs window. ( make sure an adult is around it help and no one is underneath )

The Science bit

If you tried dropping paper and a lego brick or similar, the paper should have dropped to the floor more slowly than the brick, this is because the paper has a larger surface area, so has to push against more air as it drops, which means the air resistance is greater and it drops more slowly.

A egg dropped without anything to slow it down will fall fast and break, the parachute and balloon add air resistance slowing the fall, and stopping the egg from breaking.

You can see from the video clip that the parachute falls much more slowly than the balloon, again this is because the parachute has a larger surface area than the ballon slowing down the fall.

If we dropped a hammer and a feather we would expect the hammer to fall fastest, however if we did this on the moon where there  is no air resistance they would hit the ground at the same time.

More ideas

Record the time taken for all three to drop and see how much slower the parachute is.

Try different sizes of parachute and see which drops more slowly.

Try our collection of easy ideas for learning about forces too.