Which materials make the best boat?

This is a really fun activity for starting to learn about properties of materials and the effect of gradient on speed. We split the experiment into two parts, first we tested different materials to see which worked best as a boat and then we raced the boats down different inclines.

Which materials make the best boat?

Materials

Paper

Optional pirate decorations

Corks

Elastic bands

Skewers

Black cardboard

Wooden lolly sticks

Washing up sponges

Plasticine

Glue

Anything else you want to try

Method

Construct your boats using your different materials.

We made a lollystick raft, a simple boat with a washing up sponge and a paper boat.

The paper boat worked well at first, but as it absorbed the water it sank.

Our tub boat wasn’t stable enough and fell over. I think we needed a shorter sail.

The raft and washing up sponge floated well, but both were a little too big for our half pipes, so we decided smaller washing up sponge boats would be the best option. These were the perfect size for our pipes.

Another idea is to use corks. We fastened three together with an elastic band and added a sail.

Racing pirate boats

Next we set about investigating whether the incline of a slope affected the speed of the boat. We used the sponge boats for this, just because they were the most stable.

What do you need to keep constant?

Type of boat? Do they weight the same?

Amount and force of water – is this hard to keep the same?

Variable

Incline

Which do you think would be the fastest? How can you measure which is the fastest?

We released the boats at the same time and watched to see which reached the bottom first, but you could do them one at a time and record the time taken for each to reach the bottom from the top of the pipe.

Other Ideas

Use a straw to blow the boats across a calm surface of water, what happens when you blow gently and then with more force? Does the boat move faster if you blow the air close to the boat or far away?

Can you use the straw to create waves across the water?

Suitable for Early Learning Goal 16

Exploring and using media and materials